AGONISME I DIALÈCTICA HISTÒRICA

A partir de la visió panagonista (si bé sense utilitzar-ne el terme) de la naturalesa human, Ramon Valls va esquemàtitzar una filosofia de la història que fes pensable un “nosaltres” pacificador i plenament humanitzat. Com ja vam sostenir, Valls pensa la història humana bàsicament des d’una perspectiva dialèctica en tres moments.  

El primer és un “nosaltres” polític, imposat i educatiu. El segon moment és composat de “jos” en individuació, subjectivació, conflicte, amb perillosa tendència al més ingenu moralisme i que es resisteixen al nosaltres polític (el qual però continua perquè sinó es cau en la guerra de tots contra tots). I el tercer moment diaplèctic és un nou i veritable “nosaltres” polític que es diferencia dels anteriors existents perquè és constituït a través dels lliures reconeixement, reconciliació i perdó entre persones.

AGONISM AND HUMAN HISTORY

 Staring from this panagonistic view of human nature, Ramon Valls made a scheme of the philosophy of history that makes a pacifying and completely humanized "we" conceivable. Valls thinks of human history from a dialectic perspective in three stages: first a political, imposed and educational "we"; second "‘I’s" which are individual, subjective, conflictive, with a dangerous tendency toward the most naive moralism and which resists the political "we" (which continues, however, for otherwise we will relapse into the war of all against all); and third, a new a true political "we" which differs from the earlier ones because it is formed by free recognition, reconciliation and mutual pardon among people.

This dialectic, the last key in the story, only makes sense if one presupposes that human nature is radically agonist, that is, based on and driven by struggle, egotism, conflict and war. As Valls says: "Therefore politics is constantly fighting against passions and interests and must keep the flock peaceful. A flock which often becomes lively and turns into a pack. Then they killthe suspected lambs and feed on each other ... as is natural".

So Valls sets himself within the realism which from Plautus to Hegel, passing through Hobbes, considers that "homo homini lupus est". We recall that the first contact between humans in "The Phenomenology of Spirit" leads to a struggle to the death or the complete submission or dominance of one and another. The dialectic of the noble and the serf, master and slave, is significantly the prime collective figure seen as such as a diverse response to agonism.